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ETS Domain: Foundations

Praxis 5331 Research Methods & EBP Questions

Research and evidence-based practice items test your ability to evaluate study quality, apply the EBP triangle, and interpret basic statistics. Expect 5-8 items.

Why this topic matters

High-yield concepts

Sample practice questions

Try answering before revealing the rationale — mark misses to retry later.

Q1.According to the EBP triangle, an SLP choosing a treatment approach must integrate:

  • A.Research evidence only
  • B.Research evidence, clinical expertise, and client/family values
  • C.Clinical expertise only
  • D.Whatever the client requests
Show answer & rationale

Correct: B. Evidence-based practice integrates three sources: best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and client/family values and preferences. All three must be considered.

Q2.Which study design provides the HIGHEST level of evidence?

  • A.Single case study
  • B.Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
  • C.Cohort study
  • D.Systematic review of RCTs
Show answer & rationale

Correct: D. A systematic review of RCTs sits at the top of the evidence hierarchy because it aggregates and critically appraises multiple RCTs, reducing single-study bias.

Q3.A speech assessment yields consistent scores when re-administered one week later. This describes:

  • A.Content validity
  • B.Test-retest reliability
  • C.Construct validity
  • D.Inter-rater reliability
Show answer & rationale

Correct: B. Test-retest reliability is the consistency of scores across repeated administrations of the same test. Validity describes what the test measures, not consistency.

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FAQ

Do I need to know statistics for the Praxis?

Basics only — effect size direction, p-value meaning, and reliability vs validity. No formulas required.

Is a case study ever useful evidence?

Yes for rare conditions or emerging interventions, but it sits low on the evidence hierarchy and cannot alone justify practice change.

What is Cohen's d?

A standardized effect size measure: 0.2 = small, 0.5 = medium, 0.8 = large.

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